By Burnett Munthali – Kafukufuku wa Malamulo ndi Ndale
Mu February 2020, Khothi Lalikulu la Malawi linapanga mbiri posaukira zotsatira za chisankho cha Purezidenti chomwe chinachitika mu May 2019, ndipo linalamula kuti pakhale chisankho chatsopano.
Chigamulochi chosadabwitsechi chinatsimikizidwanso ndi Khothi Lalikulu Loona za Apilo la Malawi, zomwe zinasonyeza kuti makhothiwo anali ndi mtima wolimba pankhaniyi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti izi sizimachitika kawirikawiri—imaliwiro lake, ichi chinali chachiwiri kuchitika ku Africa kuti chisankho cha Purezidenti chikanidwe ndi khothi.
Zosadabwitsika kwambiri ndizosiyirapo pambuyo pake: chisankho chatsopano chinapambana ndi wotsutsa boma—a chinthu chomwe sichinakhalepo ku Africa pambuyo pa kukanidwa kwa chisankho ndi khothi.
Zochitikazi zinagwedeza dziko la Malawi pankhani ya malamulo ndi ndale, pamene zigamulozi zinasintha kwambiri momwe malamulo a zisankho amatanthauzidwira.
A Mwiza Jo Nkhata, Anganile Willie Mwenifumbo, ndi Alfred Majamanda adalemba kafukufuku wowunikira mozama zigamulozi m’nkhani yawo ya maphunziro.
Anayang’ana mwatsatanetsatane zinthu zitatu zofunika mu zigamulozi: mmene khothi linayendera umboni ndi mulingo wa umboni mu mikangano ya chisankho, tanthauzo la mawu akuti “ambirimbiri,” komanso momwe kukanidwa kwa chisankho kunakhudzira zinthu pa nthawi ya kusintha kwa utsogoleri.
Choyamba, kafukufukuyu amawunikira momwe makhothi anachitira ndi mfundo za umboni pa nthawi ya mikangano yandalama, ndipo amakweza mafunso ngati khothilo linatsatira malamulo moyenera kapena ngati linapanga chigamulo chotsogozedwa ndi malingaliro osakhazikika pa malamulo.
Chachiwiri, olemba nkhaniyo amafufuza momwe khothi linamasulira tanthauzo la “ambirimbiri” kukhala “50% kuphatikiza 1,” zomwe zinali kusintha kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi kale, kumene wopambana ankaonedwa ngati amene ali ndi mavoti ambiri chabe.
Kusintha kumeneku kunasintha mmene kudalirika kwa chisankho kumayezeredwa ku Malawi, ndipo kungakhale ndi zotsatira zazikulu ku mayiko ena a m’dera lino.
Chachitatu, nkhaniyi imafotokoza momwe zinthu zinasinthira pambuyo pa chigamulo cha khothi, makamaka malamulo ndi ndondomeko zomwe zinayenera kutsatidwa popanga chisankho chatsopano pansi pa malangizo atsopano a malamulo.
Ngakhale kuti chisankho chatsopanachi chinalandiridwa ndi anthu ambiri ngati chinthu chachilungamo ndi ufulu wachisankho, olemba nkhani akuti maziko a malamulo omwe khothi linagwiritsa ntchito si olimba mokwanira.
Akunena kuti ngakhale kuti zotsatira zake zinabweretsa chidaliro chatsopano mu dongosolo la chisankho, m’mene zigamulozi zinakhazikitsidwa pa malamulo zinalibe mphamvu ndi kufotokoza koyenera.
Zigamulozi, akuti, zinatsegula njira yatsopano, koma nthawi yomweyo zinasonyeza kusamvana mu kumasulira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito malamulo a chisankho.
Kusiyana kumeneku—pakati pa chilungamo chokondedwa ndi anthu komanso kukhazikika kwa malamulo—ndiko kumayimira maziko a kuwunika kwa nkhaniyi.
Pomaliza, kafukufukuyu akufunsa ngati zotsatira za makhothi mu 2020 zinali njira yowonjezera udemokilase kapena ngati zinali ngati “coup d’état” ya makhothi yobisa mu chovala cha malamulo.
Pamene Malawi ikupita patsogolo, mafunso omwe akudzutsidwa ndi nkhaniyi akupitilira kuyendetsa zokambirana pa chilungamo cha chisankho, ulamuliro wa malamulo, ndi udindo wa makhothi mu kulimbikitsa udemokilase.
Chimodzi chokha chomwe chikuwonekeratu ndichakuti kukanidwa kwa chisankho cha Purezidenti mu 2019 sikunali chigamulo cha malamulo chabe—kinali nthawi yofunika kwambiri pa ulendo wa Malawi wopita ku udemokilase wolimba.